Cultivated trade and social relationships.

Category: Notes

Phoenician art includes a wide range of mediums that changed over a thousand years

Phoenician art includes a wide range of mediums that changed over a thousand years, producing works that mixed traditional symbols with new technologies. old Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians made art that people today are familiar with, but in the old …

The Phoenicians invested into defending their towns against direct attacks and sieges

The Phoenicians invested a lot of resources, both time and money, into defending their towns against direct attacks and sieges. Each city had strong commercial hubs with a merchant class that kept currency, goods, and treasures stockpiled in their residences …

Phoenician coinage was influenced by Greek currency, featuring the current king

Phoenician coinage was influenced by Greek currency, featuring the current king or a favored deity on the front and a national symbol on the back. The coin from Carthage features the god Melqart on one side and a war elephant …

Phoenicia practiced animal husbandry, namely focusing on livestock

Phoenicia also practiced animal husbandry, namely focusing on livestock. Additionally, they tamed various animals for their own needs. Cattle were highly favored for their delicious beef and milk production, with donkeys being a close second in popularity. Although cattle were …

Ancient Phoenicians utilized the oldest press discovered in the area to produce wines

An ancient wine production facility dating back 2,600 years was discovered in Lebanon. Ancient Phoenicians utilized the oldest press discovered in the area to produce wines that were highly valued in the Mediterranean region. The Phoenicians depended on agriculture to …

The Phoenicians did not limit themselves to providing non-consumable luxury goods

The Phoenicians did not limit themselves to providing non-consumable luxury goods. They were also quite good at filling in gaps in the inventory of other civilizations, particularly adjacent Egypt. Following the Bronze Age Collapse, the Egyptians struggled to reestablish their …

King Shalmaneser III launched an aggressive assault across southern Anatolia and northern Syria

After seizing power in 858 BCE, King Shalmaneser III launched an aggressive assault across southern Anatolia and northern Syria. He spent three years subduing the Phoenician city-states along the Mediterranean Sea coast, which was one of his main objectives. The …

The Phoenician narrative starts when they were beginning to set themselves apart

The Phoenician narrative starts when they were beginning to set themselves apart from their cousins and ancestors, the Canaanites. At this time, the indigenous populations of the Levant began to move toward the big coastal towns that provided chances for …

Few written records left by the Phoenicians

The Phoenicians left scant remnants, although they left traces in the soil for contemporary archaeologists and scholars to uncover. During the 18th and 19th centuries, individuals depended on religious scriptures and historical records from civilizations such as the Greeks, Romans, …